• The thyroid gland regulates metabolism by producing hormones (T3 and T4). When it produces too much or too little, it can lead to thyroid disorders, causing symptoms like weight changes, fatigue, heart problems, and temperature sensitivity.

Types of Thyroid Disorders:

• Hypothyroidism: Fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, constipation.
• Hyperthyroidism: Sweating, weight loss, rapid heart rate, heat intolerance.

Common Causes:

• Hashimoto’s Disease: Autoimmune attack on the thyroid.
• Thyroiditis: Inflammation, often post-pregnancy.
• Iodine Deficiency: Leads to hypothyroidism.
• Medications: Some treatments for hyperthyroidism can cause hypothyroidism.

Risk Factors:

• Women over 60, family history, other health conditions (like diabetes), and certain medications.

Diagnosis:

• Blood Tests: TSH, T3, and T4 levels.
• Imaging: Ultrasounds or thyroid scans for size and shape.

Treatment:

• Hypothyroidism: Treated with thyroid hormone replacement.
• Hyperthyroidism: Anti-thyroid drugs, radioactive iodine, or surgery.

Prevention Tips:

• Ensure adequate iodine (150 mcg/day).
• Avoid smoking and toxins.
• Limit soy intake.
• Regular check-ups and a healthy lifestyle for thyroid health management.